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Greenhouse effect and its Role in Global Warming, how agriculture affect climate changes.

 Before studying the greenhouse effect, let's consider what a greenhouse is.

                                     
A certain optimum temperature is required for the cultivation of agricultural crops throughout the life span of the respective crop. What is done by a greenhouse is to extend the time span of this optimum temperature in a protected house in the relevant area without external heat supply. The temperature inside a greenhouse is 2-6 degrees higher than the temperature outside the greenhouse. For this reason, the relevant optimum temperature can be maintained in a greenhouse. In this way, the period of optimum temperature in the greenhouse can be extended by 2-3 weeks compared to the normal environment.
A greenhouse is a sheltered house covered with transparent material that allows the sun's rays to penetrate and through this transparent material, visible and ultraviolet rays from the sun pass into the greenhouse. This absorbed radiation is reradiated in the greenhouse as low-energy ultraviolet or visible radiation. In this way, a part of the absorbed radiation energy is also reradiated in the form of infrared radiation. The membrane covering the greenhouse is transparent to visible and ultraviolet rays and reflects infrared rays. Thus, when the infrared rays are reflected in the greenhouse for a longer time, the carbon dioxide and water vapor in the greenhouse absorb the rays and convert them into heat and raise the temperature in the greenhouse.


A similar process takes place in our Earth's atmosphere, and it is called the Earth's Greenhouse Effect.

The average temperature of the earth is around 16 degrees Celsius.



As natural gases in the atmosphere, 

                                                         Nitrogen 78.09%, oxygen 20.95%, argon 0.93%, carbon dioxide 0.03%, neon 0.0018%, helium 0.00052%, krypton 0.000011%, hydrogen 0.00005 %, xenon is 0.000009%

                                      can be taken.

Most of the radiation from the sun is absorbed by the atmosphere and reflected back to the earth's surface. That is...

                                                 Solar radiation reaching the Earth mainly belongs to the visible and ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Only visible rays and low-energy ultraviolet rays reach the earth's surface through the earth's atmosphere. That's because most of the UV rays are absorbed in the upper atmosphere. Thus, the low-energy ultraviolet and visible rays reaching the earth's surface are absorbed by the earth's surface like a greenhouse and emit low-energy visible and infrared rays. Here, infrared rays are absorbed by different gases like carbon dioxide in the earth.

Human contribution to global warming

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and climate change. Carbon dioxide is emitted from the burning of fossil fuels, forest fires, and solid waste. Methane is the other greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. This is released into the atmosphere mainly through the decomposition process carried out by anaerobic bacteria. Nitrous oxide is also an important potential contributor to extreme global warming. This is a gas that can remain in the atmosphere for a very long time. Emissions occur in fertilizer production, biomass burning, or nitric acid production, or internal combustion processes in engines, etc. In addition, man-made industrial gases such as PFCs, HFCS, SF6, etc. are also potential contributors to global warming. Suspended carbon particles in the lower atmosphere or black carbon [short-lived climate pollutant] is another powerful factor that contributes to global warming. Global warming is caused by black carbon's enormous capacity to absorb heat. In addition, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone and NOx in the lower atmosphere also contribute casually. In addition, water vapor and organic aerosols are also considered as greenhouse gases.




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